LAB13: INSTALLING TCP/IP ON
A WINDOWS NT SERVER COMPUTER
This exercise deals in
installing the TCP/IP protocol on an existing Windows NT Server
computer. This is necessary in order to perform the labs, which
follow, as Internet based services use the TCP/IP protocol to
connect and exchange information between hosts.
TCP/IP stands for
Transmission Control Protocol, Internet Protocol, and is the
method used to transfer data between two hosts on the Internet.
In fact, the Internet uses TCP/IP as its primary protocol. TCP/IP
is now also being used to connect computers together in Local
Area Networks or LAN's, previously protocols such as NetBEUI or
IPX/SPX was used.
The following steps guide
you through the process of installing the TCP/IP protocol on the
Windows NT Server computer. It is assumed that the Windows NT
Server computer has already been installed, and a PDC and BDC
exist.
- Start the Windows NT
Server computer which is the PDC for the domain
- Logon as
administrator
- Access the Network
Icon by clicking on
Start->Settings->Control Panel->Network Icon
A dialog box showing the current
settings for the network specific details associated with
this computer is displayed, which looks like
- Click on the Add
button, and a list of protocols will be listed
- Click on the TCP/IP Protocol,
then click on OK
- DHCP (Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol) is a mechanism of obtaining
TCP/IP configuration details at boot time from a host
DHCP server. You are asked if you wish to use DHCP to
supply these details.
As no DHCP server exists on the Network at present, Click
No, which means you will enter the TCP/IP
configuration details for this computer manually.
- You will now be asked
for the location of the Windows NT Files, which are
needed in order to perform this installation. Note that
the path shown in the dialog box is the default path
taken from where the original files used to install
Windows NT Server were found.
- The dialog box shows that the TCP/IP
protocol has been added to the list of protocols on this
computer. You have as yet not specified what the
configuration details of the TCP/IP protocol will be.
Click on Close
- A dialog box showing
that a review of the bindings on the adapter card is in
progress is displayed.
- Now the details of the TCP/IP
settings must be entered. Each host computer on the
Internet has a unique address, which are 4 digits
separated by dots. In the dialog box below, the main
details, which must be entered, are the IP Address of the
host, its subnet mask, and the gateway address.
IP Address: This is the unique TCP/IP location for
this computer. For computers, which connect to the
Internet, they must be assigned a unique value, which has
been assigned as valid for your organization to use.
Generally, a range of addresses is assigned to a company
for their use. The IP Address is a means of uniquely
identifying a computer on the Internet.
Subnet Mask: This is a value, which is used to
group machines together into a logical unit called a
subnet. Computers on the same subnet can broadcast
messages to each other and can be treated as a single
unit.
Default Gateway: When a number of separate LAN's
are interconnected together via a bridge or router
device, the default gateway is the IP Address of the
device which can send the data to another subnet. For
instance, if you have two subnets in your organization,
and a bridge links them, you would specify the IP Address
of the bridge on your side of the subnet in order to be
able to send data to the other subnet.
Fill in the IP Address, Subnet Mask and Default
Gateway as specified by your instructor. Do NOT click on
the OK button yet!
- Click on the DNS Tab. This
displays the following dialog box.
When a company is given a range of Internet IP Addresses
to use, it is also given a domain name like ABC.COM or
CIT.AC.NZ to use. This is associated with its IP
addresses via a service called the Domain Name System.
A DNS server holds a list of IP addresses and
corresponding names. This is necessary, because each
TCP/IP host on the Internet has two values, an IP Address
and an IP Name. A DNS server is used to hold these
values. When you connect to a site, you normally use its
TCP/IP name such as www.cit.ac.nz, and what happens is
you send a DNS lookup request for that name to a DNS
server, which looks up its tables and gives you back the
IP address associated with the name you requested. This
makes connecting to sites easier, as a name is easier to
remember than a list of four digits.
Enter the domain as mg.cit.ac.nz and specify the
DNS server to use for lookups of address names as 156.59.25.11
(click on the Add button in order to do this).
Note! Have a think for a moment. Why can't you
specify a name like DNS.cit.ac.nz as the name of the DNS
lookup server instead of having to use the IP address as
156.59.25.11
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Do NOT click on the OK button
- Click on the WINS tab. This
displays the following dialog box.
The Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) allows a
Windows NT Server computer to keep track of TCP/IP
addresses and the names assigned to Windows based
computers. It uses a database to do this, and as Windows
based computers are started, they send name registrations
to the WINS on the network. When a user attempts to map a
drive letter to a resource or connect to a computer using
TCP/IP, a WINS query is issued to the WINS server
computer, which responds with the IP address to use. This
is similar to using a DNS server.
Ensure that the checkbox Enable DNS for Windows
Resolution is checked, and enter the Primary WINS
server address as 156.59.20.50, then click on OK
- You are now prompted
to restart your computer.
Click on YES to restart the computer.
- Now start the other computer (the
BDC) and install TCP/IP on that computer also.